Antibiotic Susceptibility and MDR (Multi Drug Resistance) Pattern of Common Bacteria Isolated from Wound Infection in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Wound infections pose a greater concern in developing countries than in wealthy nations. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) increasingly threatens clinical treatment and public health globally. Objective: To evaluate the antibiotic susceptibility and MDR (multidrug resistance) pattern of common bacteria isolated from wound infections. Materials and Methods: From January to June 2024, a cross-sectional study was conducted at the Microbiology and Virology Department of KPJ Specialized Hospital and Nursing College, Gazipur, following approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee. The study cultured 219 wound-infected samples, identifying 142 as culture-positive and 77 as culture-negative. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria isolated from wound specimens submitted for routine culture and sensitivity testing. Results: The majority of Gram-positive organisms were Staphylococcus aureus (46.48%). Among the Gram-negative bacteria, the most frequently isolated bacteria were Klebsiella spp. (21.83%), Pseudomonas spp. (16.20%), and E. coli (11.27%). Overall, 94 isolates (52%) were found to exhibit multiple antimicrobial resistance. High rates of resistance were observed against Penicillin G (89.55%), Cefixime (75%), Cephalexin (75%), Azithromycin (68.85%), Amoxicillin (67.61%), Tobramycin (64.71%), Oxacillin (63.27%), and Cefuroxime (63.04%). Conclusion: In our investigation, the most prevalent isolates were Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive pathogen. Among the Gram-negative bacteria, Klebsiella spp., Pseudomonas spp., and E. coli were the most frequently isolated species.