Evaluation of serum vitamin D level in children with Asthma

Abstract

Background: Asthma is a chronic condition of the respiratory passages marked by reversible airway obstruction and inflammation. Pediatric asthma is a significant problem since it raises the frequency of hospital visits and the economic burden more than adult asthma. Objective: Objective of this study was evaluated serum vitamin D levels in children with asthma. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, Bangladesh Shishu Hospital & Institute (BSHI), Dhaka during October 2023 to September 2024. Patients (2-18 years) attending in the indoor and outdoor of the Department of Pediatrics, BSHI presenting with recurrent cough, breathlessness, wheeze, reversible with bronchodilator was recruited as Asthma cases. Gender and age-matched children with no history asthma who was attend at Pediatric outdoor and inpatient, Department of Paediatrics, BSHI, was purposively selected, after considering the exclusion criteria, as a control for comparison. Results: The majority (52.0%) patients was found vitamin D level 20-<30 ng/ml in case group and 18(36.0%) in control group. The mean vitamin D level was found 26.33±7.59 ng/ml in case group and 33.50±7.19 ng/ml in control group. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Four (50%) patients was found severe asthma in deficiency group, 4(15.38%) in insufficient group and not found in sufficient group. Conclusion: Children with asthma had lower serum vitamin-D levels than age and sex matched generally healthy controls. Severe asthma was more frequently seen in the Vitamin D deficient and inadequate groups.