Advances in Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques Outcomes and Challenges in Complex Abdominal Procedures

Abstract

Background: Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques (MIST) have revolutionized complex abdominal procedures by reducing patient trauma and enhancing recovery outcomes. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the outcomes and challenges associated with the implementation of MIST in complex abdominal surgeries, focusing on patient recovery, complication rates, and surgical efficiency. Method: Conducted at the Department of Paediatric Surgery, TMSS Medical College and Rafatullah Community Hospital, Bogura, from January 2023 to June 2024, this research involved 166 patients undergoing complex abdominal procedures using MIST. Data were collected through patient records, postoperative recovery metrics, and surgeon feedback. Quantitative analysis was performed using statistical methods, including descriptive statistics, t-tests, and regression analysis with SPSS version 26.0, to assess the impact of MIST on various clinical outcomes. Additionally, qualitative data were gathered through interviews with surgical staff to identify implementation challenges and best practices. Result: The adoption of MIST resulted in a 50% reduction in postoperative pain (SD = 8.2, p < 0.001), a 40% decrease in hospital stay duration (SD = 5.5, p < 0.001), and a 30% reduction in complication rates (SD = 4.7, p < 0.01). Surgical efficiency improved by 35% (SD = 6.1, p < 0.001), evidenced by shorter operative times and faster patient turnover. Regression analysis indicated that MIST adoption significantly predicts reduced hospital stay duration (R² = 0.65, p < 0.001) and lower complication rates (R² = 0.58, p < 0.001). The standard deviations demonstrate consistency across diverse patient demographics, underscoring the reliability of MIST outcomes. Additionally, qualitative feedback highlighted challenges such as the steep learning curve for surgeons and higher initial equipment costs, while also noting improved surgeon ergonomics and patient satisfaction. Conclusions: MIST significantly enhances outcomes in complex abdominal procedures, including reduced pain, shorter hospital stays, and lower complication rates. Addressing implementation challenges is essential for maximizing the benefits of minimally invasive approaches in surgical practice.