Relationship of LDL and HDL Among Patients Suffering Acute Myocardial Infarct

Abstract

Background: Regardless of underlying hyperlipidaemia or dyslipidemia, the serum lipid profile exhibits phasic fluctuations immediately following a catastrophic cardiovascular event. The clinical management of dyslipidemias in patients experiencing an acute myocardial infarction (MI) has evolved significantly over the past decade. Objective: To examine the connection between LDL and HDL among patients suffering from sudden myocardial infarction. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study conducted in the department of cardiology, TMSS Medical College Hospital, from May 2024 to April 2025. All the patients admitted with ST-elevation MI (STEMI) were included after receiving informed consent. STEMI was diagnosed by pertinent history, electrocardiogram (ECG), and cardiac biomarkers. Patients those already taking lipid- lowering drugs, who presented after 24 hours of MI, and who had previously been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism were excluded in this study. Results: The lipid profiles of the patients were compared at 2 different time instances (within 24 h vs. after 48 h). The frequency of isolated deranged TGs, and deranged combined TGs and HDL-C, was statistically significant after 48 h of acute MI. The mean levels of serum TC (213.75 ± 29.15 vs 191.64 ± 37.13), serum LDL- C (146.52 ± 36.41 vs 135.24 ± 34.7), and HDL-C (45.96 ± 8.96 vs 41.73 ± 10.78) decreased significantly, whereas serum TGs (157.48 ± 15.12 vs 173.8 ± 16.23) increased significantly. Conclusion: Patients with acute coronary syndrome must have their serum lipid profiles evaluated during the first 24 hours of admission. Although there may be a brief period of phasic fluctuation, the pattern that follows is one of lower TC, LDL, and HDL and greater TGs.